Size of Market
According to the World Bank, corrupt leaders of poor countries steal as much as US $40bn in stolen assets and foreign assets each year, now held in breach of contracts they stash overseas. And, in 2011 the United Nations Office for Drugs and Crime (UNODC) estimated that the global detection rate of elicit funds by law enforcement is as low as one-percent of criminal proceeds. And, the seizure rate is possibly as low as 0.2 percent. Once removed, funds are extremely difficult to recover. And, a lot of these funds come in to or through the UK.
Substantial UK Problem
The UK has unique strengths in asset recovery regime and its record of recovering 'dirty money' compares well to a lot of other regions. It has been estimated that between £23 billion and £57 billion of dirty money is laundered in the UK every year. Against this threat, the UK National Audit Office (NAO) estimates that only 26 pence in every £100 is confiscated from organised criminals. While it is not possible to determine what proportion of this figure represents financial proceeds specifically from illegal activities or foreign assets in breach of contracts, concerns remain that the sums are substantial; Embracing both looted state assets and assets in breach of binding contracts.
International Reputation
Transparency International UK believes that the UK's institutions and organisations have been used as repositories or intermediaries for stolen funds and foreign assets in breach of contracts from several countries: including Bangladesh, Kenya, Nigeria, Pakistan and Zambia. Like many other countries, the UK operates within the framework of its obligations under international arrangements and conventions towhich it is a party; Notably the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) and the UN Convention against Corruption (UNCAC). However, when the proceeds of corruption are laundered through the UK it presents a criminal reputational and national security risk, as well as a great injustice for the countries from which the funds have been stolen. The UK has an added responsibility arising from its unique status. London's international reputation has often attracted launderers and loan and contract defaulters who find it easier to mingle their dirty funds in a larger centre with substantial flows of legitimate money.
High Volume of Foreign Capital
The UK is able to prevent money laundering and detect, seize and recover those stolen assets and assets in breach of contracts that enter the country. Due to London's status as a safe haven and the resultant high volume of foreign capital that comes in or through the UK, she has a unique opportunity to take a pro-active leadership role in the detection and recovery of the proceeds of crime and contract breaches laundered through this jurisdiction.